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What 🔍, Why ❓ and How 🔧 of each system design concepts 📚
1. Load Balancing ⚖️
What: Load balancing involves distributing incoming client requests across multiple servers in a server pool. This helps ensure that no single server bears too much load, leading to higher reliability and availability.
Why: By balancing the load, the system can handle high traffic, improve fault tolerance, and optimize resource utilization. It prevents any single point of failure by rerouting traffic if one server goes down.
How: Implement load balancers like NGINX, HAProxy, or cloud solutions (AWS ELB, Google Cloud LB). Use load distribution algorithms such as Round Robin, Least Connections, and IP Hashing to efficiently direct traffic.
2. Caching ⚡
What: Caching is the process of storing copies of frequently accessed data in temporary storage (like in-memory databases) for quick retrieval. This layer reduces the need to repeatedly fetch data from the primary data store.
Why: Caching enhances response times and reduces the load on databases by serving requests directly from memory. It’s crucial for high-performance applications where speed and responsiveness are vital.
