Low level design : Rate Limiting System

Explore the architecture, workflows, and sequence diagrams of an enterprise-grade rate-limiting system, focusing on SOLID principles, OOP design patterns, and algorithm implementations for production-ready solutions.

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In modern distributed systems, controlling the rate of requests to ensure fair usage, prevent abuse, and maintain system stability is critical. This article delves into designing an enterprise-level rate-limiting system that adheres to SOLID principles and object-oriented programming (OOP) design patterns.

Low level design diagram

Rate limiter class hierarchy and releationship diagram

Key Components, Classes and Interfaces

1. IRateLimiter (Interface): The core interface defining the behavior of a rate limiter. This interface adheres to the Interface Segregation Principle and provides a contract for various rate-limiting strategies.

public interface IRateLimiter {
    boolean isAllowed(UserRequest request);  // Check if the request can proceed
}

2. RateLimiter (Abstract Class): The base class implementing the common logic for all rate limiters, following the Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP). It provides common properties…